Chinese Character: 酸 (Suān - Sour; Acid; Tart; Sad)
1. 基本特征 (Character Basics)
部首: 酉 (radical: 酉, related to wine or fermentation)
笔画数: 14 (14 strokes)
结构分解: 形声字，从酉，夋声。“酉”表示与酒、发酵有关，“夋”表读音，本义指醋的酸味，后泛指各种酸味。(A pictophonetic character, with "酉" as the semantic part and "夋" as the phonetic part. "酉" is related to wine or fermentation, and "夋" indicates the pronunciation. Its original meaning is the sour taste of vinegar, and later it refers to various sour tastes.)
笔顺:
2. 发音 (Pronunciation)
拼音: Suān (first tone)
3. 含义 (Meaning)
“酸”主要有以下含义：1. 像醋的气味或味道（如“酸菜”）；2. 化学上指在水溶液中能产生氢离子的化合物（如“硫酸”）；3. 悲伤，悲痛（如“心酸”）；4. 因疲劳或疾病引起的微痛而无力的感觉（如“腰酸”）。(“酸” mainly has the following meanings: 1. Having a taste or smell like vinegar (e.g., "酸菜" - pickled vegetables); 2. In chemistry, it refers to compounds that can produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solutions (e.g., "硫酸" - sulfuric acid); 3. Sad, grieved (e.g., "心酸" - heartbroken); 4. A slight pain and weakness caused by fatigue or illness (e.g., "腰酸" - aching in the waist).)
4. 常用词汇 (Common Words)
- 酸菜 (suān cài) - pickled vegetables
- 硫酸 (liú suān) - sulfuric acid
- 心酸 (xīn suān) - heartbroken; sad
- 腰酸 (yāo suān) - aching in the waist
5. 语法与用法 (Grammar & Usage)
“酸”可作形容词，描述味道、感觉或心情（如“这苹果很酸”“他心里酸酸的”）；也可作名词，指化学物质（如“盐酸”）。(“酸” can be used as an adjective to describe taste, feeling or mood (e.g., "这苹果很酸" - This apple is very sour, "他心里酸酸的" - He feels sad); it can also be used as a noun to refer to chemical substances (e.g., "盐酸" - hydrochloric acid).)
6. 文化背景 (Cultural Background)
在中国饮食文化中，酸味是五味之一，酸菜、酸汤等酸味食物深受人们喜爱。在中医理论里，酸味食物有收敛、固涩的作用。此外，“酸”在文学作品中常用来表达悲伤、哀怨的情感。(在中文饮食文化中，酸味是五味之一，酸菜、酸汤等酸味食物深受人们喜爱。在中医理论里，酸味食物有收敛、固涩的作用。此外，“酸”在文学作品中常用来表达悲伤、哀怨的情感。)
7. 例句 (Example Sentence)
这酸菜的味道很正宗。(Zhè suān cài de wèi dào hěn zhèng zōng.)
The taste of this pickled vegetable is very authentic.
硫酸是一种强酸。(Liú suān shì yī zhǒng qiáng suān.)
Sulfuric acid is a strong acid.
听到这个消息，她心里一阵心酸。(Tīng dào zhè gè xiāo xī, tā xīn lǐ yī zhèn xīn suān.)
Hearing this news, she felt heartbroken.
长时间站立后，他感到腰酸。(Cháng shí jiān zhàn lì hòu, tā gǎn dào yāo suān.)
After standing for a long time, he felt aching in his waist.
8. 记忆技巧 (Memory Tips)
可以联想“酸”的部首“酉”与酒有关，酒发酵过程中可能产生酸味，帮助记忆其“酸味”的含义。通过常用词汇如“酸菜”“硫酸”来加深对“酸”的理解和记忆。(You can associate the radical "酉" in the character "酸" with wine. Since the fermentation process of wine may produce a sour taste, it can help you remember the meaning of "sour taste". Deepen your understanding and memory of "酸" through common words such as "酸菜" and "硫酸".)