Chinese Character: 犬 (Quǎn - Dog)
1. 基本信息 (Character Basics)
部首: 犬 (Radical: 犬, self-radical)
笔画数: 4 (Number of strokes: 4)
结构分解: 象形字，甲骨文像一只侧立的狗，头部向前，尾巴上卷，四爪着地，是“狗”的本字。现代简化后保留了侧立的形态特征。(A pictographic character, originally depicting a dog in profile (head forward, tail curled, paws on ground). Modern form retains the profile shape.)
笔顺:
2. 发音 (Pronunciation)
拼音: Quǎn (Third tone)
3. 含义 (Meaning)
“犬”主要表示：
1. 名词：哺乳动物，人类最早驯化的动物之一，通常指狗（如“家犬”指家庭饲养的狗）；
2. 古汉语中作谦称（如“犬子”是对自己儿子的谦称）；
3. 构字部件（如“状”“臭”等字含“犬”，与动物或气味相关）。("犬" mainly means:
1. Noun: Dog (e.g., "家犬" - domestic dog).
2. Archaic: Humble term for one's son (e.g., "犬子" - my son).
3. Component in characters (e.g., "状" - shape, "臭" - smell, related to animals or odors).)
4. 常用词汇 (Common Words)
- 犬类 (quǎn lèi) Dog breed
- 警犬 (jǐng quǎn) Police dog
- 猎犬 (liè quǎn) Hunting dog
- 导盲犬 (dǎo máng quǎn) Guide dog
5. 语法与用法 (Grammar & Usage)
“犬”通常作名词使用（如“犬类”），可作定语修饰其他名词（如“犬科”指狗的科属）；古汉语中可作谦辞（如“犬马之劳”比喻效劳）；现代口语中多用于正式或书面语境（如“警犬训练”）。("犬" is usually a noun (e.g., "犬类" - dog breed), used as an attributive (e.g., "犬科" - Canidae). Used as a humble term in classical Chinese (e.g., "犬马之劳" - service like a dog or horse). Mostly formal in modern speech (e.g., "警犬训练" - police dog training).)
6. 文化背景 (Cultural Background)
“犬”在中国传统文化中象征忠诚（如“犬守夜”）；十二生肖中“狗”对应“戌”；成语“犬马之诚”表示忠诚，“鸡犬不宁”形容混乱；现代“导盲犬”体现对动物功能的拓展利用，反映汉字与生活、文化的紧密联系。("犬" symbolizes loyalty in Chinese culture (e.g., "犬守夜" - dog guards at night). It is the 11th zodiac animal. Idioms like "犬马之诚" (loyalty) reflect cultural values. Modern "导盲犬" (guide dog) shows functional extension of the character.)
7. 例句 (Example Sentence)
这只警犬经过专业训练，能快速识别危险物品。(Zhè zhī jǐng quǎn jīng guò zhuān yè xùn liàn, néng kuài sù shí bié wēi xiǎn wù pǐn.)
This police dog, after professional training, can quickly identify dangerous items.
导盲犬是视障人士的重要伙伴，它们能帮助主人安全出行。(Dǎo máng quǎn shì shì zhàng rén shì de zhòng yào huǒ bàn, tā men néng bāng zhù zhǔ rén ān quán chū xíng.)
Guide dogs are important companions for visually impaired people, helping their owners travel safely.
8. 记忆技巧 (Memory Tips)
联想“犬”的字形：像一只侧立的狗，头部（上）、身体（中）、尾巴（下）清晰可见，合起来记忆为“侧立的狗——犬（Dog）”。(Associate "犬" with its shape: a dog in profile (head on top, body in middle, tail at bottom). Remember as "profile dog - 犬 (dog).)